The student is valueless without the teacher, because the teacher is the one who gives them information. The teacher is in a roll that grants them authority and value, and their responsibility is to recite information to the students. The relationship among teacher and student, Freire argues, is a strict vertical hierarchy. The text begins by addressing the dichotomy of teacher and student, then spends quite a deal of time describing the current common mode of teaching, what the author calls the “banking concept of education”, followed by what the author suggests as a replacement to that method. The topic discussed is the failings of the educational system with regards to the freedom of thought left to students after they’ve completed their studies. It’s easy to understand why this is the first piece of reading a teacher might assign.
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